Nuclear France: materials and sites

By Mary Byrd Davis

 
home

table of contents

news

contact us

links

abbreviations

bibliography

search

ILE DE FRANCE-GRANDE COURONNE

CENTRE DE SACLAY

III. REACTORS AND CRITICAL ASSEMBLIES PERMANENTLY SHUT DOWN

The reactors and critical assemblies definitively shut down include Aquilon I/II (1956-?), a critical model with heavy water and natural uranium; Peggy (1961-1975; moved to Cadarache shortly after startup), a critical model of Pégase; Alizé I/II (1959-?), a pile for studies in propulsion, which since 1960 could use plates of highly enriched uranium; also the following three reactors:

EL2 (Eau lourde 2, Heavy water 2)-shut down

Purpose: research and production of radioelements

Period of operation: 1952-1965

Power: 2.8 MWth maximum

Fuel: natural uranium (metal), 3.3 t in 1957

Moderator: heavy water (6 t, from Norway)

Coolant: CO2

Activities: EL2 furnished a little less than 300 g of plutonium for the startup of Proserpine

Dismantling: dismantled to level 2 and confined

Purpose: research on the action of neutrons on matter and the production of radioelements

Period of operation: 1957-1979

 EL3 (Eau lourde 3, Heavy water 3)-shut down

Purpose: research on the action of neutrons on mater and the production of radioelements

Period of operation: 1957-1979

Power: up to 18 MW thermal

Fuel: originally UO2 with lightly enriched uranium; then, a fuel with uranium enriched to 93%

Moderator/coolant: heavy water (4.1 t bought in the United States)

Dismantling: dismantling to level 2 completed in 1987; since 1989 a stock of tritiated heavy water (12,200 l with 137 TBq as of March 1996) has been stored in the reactor building; seven drums of heavy water representing 545 TBq were removed between January 1995 and March 1996.

Ulysse (INB 18) -shut down

Purpose/type: argonaut type reactor used for training and practical tasks

Period of operation: 1961-2007

Power: 100 kW thermal

Fuel: uranium enriched between 20 and 90%

Moderator/refrigerant: light water

 

The reactor definitively ceased operation in February 2007. Its instructional work was transferred to Isis [ASN 07].  Its fuel was unloaded and placed in the pool.  The fuel was to be shipped to La Hague in 2008 [CEASac 07].

 

Proserpine-shut down

Purpose/type: the CEA’s first pile with plutonium; homogeneous pile (fissile material and moderator mixed) for the study of critical masses of solution of plutonium, then of uranium 235.

Period of operation: since 1958

Power: 0.001 kW thermal

Fuel: plutonium sulfate or uranyl 235 sulfate in solution; the CEA used plutonium from EL2; uranyl sulfate was furnished by the United States

Moderator: beryllium oxide

 

--revisited January 6, 2009

Copyright ©Yggdrasil 2001-2007; Copyright © EcoPerspectives 2008-2009

 

RETURN TO SACLAY